Short Summary

Mahatma Gandhi transformed the independence struggle by utilizing Satyagraha and non-violence. In response to the oppressive Rowlatt Act and the 1919 Jallianwala Bagh massacre, Gandhi launched the mass-based Non-Cooperation Movement in 1920. Following its suspension due to the Chauri Chaura violence, the Indian National Congress shifted its goal to Purna Swaraj in 1929. This led to the Civil Disobedience Movement, which Gandhi initiated with the famous Dandi March in 1930. The freedom struggle reached its peak with the 1942 Quit India Movement and the efforts of Subhas Chandra Bose's Indian National Army. Ultimately, these relentless efforts forced the British to pass the Indian Independence Act, granting freedom in 1947.